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Journal article
Evolution of the parasitic wasp subfamily Rogadinae(Branconidae): phylogeny and evolution of lepidopteran host ranges and mummy characteristics.
Background: The braconid subfamily Rogadinae is a large, cosmopolitan group of endoparasitoid wasps characterised by 'mummifying' their lepidopteran host larvae, from which the adult subsequently emerges. Rogadines attack a variety of both macro- and microlepidopteran taxa, although the speciose genus Aleiodes almost exclusively attacks macrolepidopterans. Here, we investigate the phylogenetic...Shaw, Mark R
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Journal article
Escape from natural enemies during climate-driven range expansion: a case study
A major, and largely unexplored, uncertainty in projecting the impact of climate change on biodiversity is the consequence of altered interspecific interactions, for example between parasitoids and their hosts. The present study investigated parasitism in the Brown Argus butterfly, Aricia agestis; a species that has expanded northward in Britain during...Menéndez, Rosa ; González-Megías, Adela ; Lewis, Owen T ; Shaw, Mark R ; Thomas, Chris D.
climate change, parasitoids, Aricia Agestis , butterfly, enemy escape, and range expansion
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Journal article
A new subgenus of the genus Colastes Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for species reared from bracket fungi, with description of two new species from Europe
A new Holarctic subgenus (Fungivenator subgen. nov.) of the genus Colastes Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Exothecinae) is proposed for a group of species that, as far as is known, has its larvae living on hosts in bracket fungi. The type species (Colastes sandei sp. nov. from Netherlands, Germany and England)...Achterberg, C van ; Shaw, Mark R
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Journal article
Polemochartus melas (Giraud) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Alysiinae) new to Britain
The small Palaearctic genus Polemochartus is well-known to be exclusively parasitic upon chloropid flies of the genus Lipara, which cause galls on Phragmites, ovipositing into the host's egg and killing it at the puparium stage. Hitherto, the only one of the four European species that has been found in Britain,...Shaw, Mark R ; Jennings, M T
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Journal article
The first known parasitoid of Aricia morronensis (Ribbe, 1910), an endemic Iberian species, and notes on the parasitoids (Hymenoptera and Diptera) of the genus Aricia Rechenbach, 1817 in Europe
A parasitoid (Cotesia tenebrosa WESMAEL, 1837, Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) of Aricia morronensis (RIBBE, 1910), a species endemic to the Iberian peninsula, is recorded for the first time. Incidental details, and photos of the parasitoid-host interaction are also given. Information on the parasitoids recorded from the European species of the genus...Shaw, Mark R ; Gil-T, Felipe
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Journal article
The parasitoid complex attacking coexisting Spanish populations of Euphydryas aurinia and Euphydryas desfontainii (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Melitaeini)
We report on a five-year investigation of the complex of parasitoids associated with coexisting populations of Euphydryas aurinia and Euphydryas desfontainii at a Spanish site. A sample of over 7000 eggs, 1000 larvae and 200 pupae (the last of these in part having been experimentally placed) revealed the existence of...Stefanescu, Constanti ; Planas, Josep ; Shaw, Mark R
secondary parasitism, Euphydryas desfontainii, butterflies, parasitoid complex, and Euphydryas aurinia
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Journal article
Notes on the host-feeding and hyperparasitic behaviours of Itoplectis species (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae)
Dissections of campoplegine ichneumonid prepupae in cocoons parasitised by Itoplectis maculator and I. aterrima revealed that both are truly endoparasitic in this context, and that campoplegine prepupae remain capable of movement for a time following parasitisation by these Itoplectis species. Oviposition and host-feeding behaviours by the two Itoplectis species are...Shaw, Mark R
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Journal article
Palaearctic Homolobinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the National Museums of Scotland, with host and distribution records and a key to British species.
An outline catalogue of the National Museums Scotland collection.Shaw, Mark R
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Journal article
The third modern British record of Brachymeria tibialis (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) reared from Zygaena filipendulae (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae)
We wish to place on record the rearing of a single female specimen of Brachymeria tibialis (Walker) on 13 July 2009 from a cocoon of Zygaena filipendulae (L.) collected on 5 June 2009 by one of us (RC) at Denbies Landbarn, Surrey, TQ 135499, a National Trust chalk downland site....Shaw, Mark R ; Comont, R ; McCracken, M ; Hesketh, H ; Roy, H …
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Journal article
Pseudorhacnotus enervatus, a new genus and species from Spain (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae)
Pseudorhaconotus enervatus gen. nov. & spec. nov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Spain is described and illustrated. The new genus is similar to the genus Rhaconotus Ruthe, 1854, but differs by the lack of vein r-m of the fore wing and by the absence of dorsope on the first metasomal tergiteAchterberg, C van ; Shaw, Mark R
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Book chapter
Flight interception traps for arthropods
The idea for this book originated when planning, organizing and carrying out field work for the first All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory and Monitoring (ATBI+M) pilot sites established in the National Parks Mercantour and Alpi Marittime (France/Italy) in 2007, as part of the activities of the EDIT (European Distributed Institute of...Achterberg, C van ; Grootaert, P ; Shaw, Mark R
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Book chapter
Hymenopterous parasitoids of diptera
Shaw, Mark R ; Askew, R R
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Journal article
The identity of Scambus planatus (Hartig, 1838) and Scambus ventricosus (Tschek, 1871) as seasonal forms of Scambus calobatus (Gravenhorst, 1829) in Europe (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae, Ephialtini)
Through both natural and experimental rearings, supported by DNA sequence data (CO1, ITS2 and EF1α) as well as examination of material in collections, it is shown that the European nominal taxa Scambus planatus and Scambus ventricosus comprise the spring-emerging generation of Scambus calobatus, the typical form of which occurs as...Shaw, Mark R ; Jennings, M T ; Quicke, D L J
Microtypus, acorns, Cydia, Janus, Parasitoid, Curculio, Acrobasis, Quercus, and synonymy
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Journal article
Parasitism and migration in southern Palaearctic populations of the painted lady butterfly, Vanessa cardui (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
The painted lady butterfly (Vanessa cardui) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae) is well known for its seasonal long-distance migrations and for its dramatic population fluctuations between years. Although parasitism has occasionally been noted as an important mortality factor for this butterfly, no comprehensive study has quantified and compared its parasitoid complexes in... -
Journal article
Wolbachia and DNA barcoding insects: patterns, potential and problems
Wolbachia is a genus of bacterial endosymbionts that impacts the breeding systems of their hosts. Wolbachia can confuse the patterns of mitochondrial variation, including DNA barcodes, because it influences the pathways through which mitochondria are inherited. We examined the extent to which these endosymbionts are detected in routine DNA barcoding,...Smith, M A ; Bertrand, C ; Crosby, K ; Eveleigh, E S ; Fernandez-Triana, J …
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Journal article
DNA barcoding and the taxonomy of Microgastrinae wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae): impacts after 8 years and nearly 20,000 sequences
Microgastrine wasps are among the most species-rich and numerous parasitoids of caterpillars (Lepidoptera). They are often host-specific and thus are extensively used in biological control efforts and figure prominently in trophic webs. However, their extraordinary diversity coupled with the occurrence of many cryptic species produces a significant taxonomic impediment. We...Smith, M A ; Fernandez-Triana, J ; Eveleigh, E S ; Gomez, J ; Guclu, C …
deoxyribonucleic acid barcode , parasitoid, data release, microgastrine , and cytochrome c oxidase
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Journal article
Moth populations and bad weather – four speculative observations
There is no doubt in my mind that fifty years ago substantial defoliation of more than just spindle and bird cherry trees was not really unusual; that the regular cleaning of car headlamps and even radiator grills was necessary in summer; that garden buddleia and valerian were always plastered with...Shaw, Mark R
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Journal article
Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitizing Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) larvae in Fennoscandia with description of Cotesia autumnatae Shaw, sp. n.
The microgastrine subset of hymenopteran parasitoids of the geometrid Epirrita autumnata is investigated in Fennoscandia. Ecology, including population dynamics, of the moth has been intensively studied in northern and mountainous Finland, Norway and Sweden. Recently supported hypotheses about the causes of its cyclic population dynamics stress the role of parasitoids,...Ruohomäki,, K ; Klemola, T ; Shaw, Mark R ; Snäll, N ; Sääksjärvi, I E …
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Journal article
Western Palaearctic Meteorinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the National Museums of Scotland, with rearing, phenological and distributional data, including six species new to Britain, and a discussion of a potential route to speciation.
Distributional, phenological and in many cases rearing data are given for 44 species of western Palaearctic Meteorinae in the genera Meteorus and Zele, from the nearly 2,500 specimens of the group present in the collection of the National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh. Six species are newly recorded from Britain. Patterns...Stigenberg, Julia ; Shaw, Mark R
British Isles., hosts, Meteorus, host range, Lepidoptera, parasitoids, distribution, Meteorinae, phenology, Zele, Coleoptera, Braconidae, and speciation
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Journal article
Contributions to the study of the Holarctic fauna of Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). I. Introduction and first results of transatlantic comparisons
Specimens of Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from both sides of the Holarctic region (Nearctic and Palaearctic) were sampled for DNA barcoding and examined morphologically. Two species are recorded for the first time for the Nearctic: Apanteles brunnistigma Abdinbekova, and Microgaster raschkiellae Shaw. Another European species, Apanteles xanthostigma (Haliday), previously introduced as...Fernandez-Triana, J ; Shaw, Mark R ; Cardinal, Sophie ; Mason, P G
morphology, Microgastrinae, Palaearctic, DNA barcoding, Holarctic, and Nearctic
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Journal article
Illustrated notes on the biology of two European species of Euceros Gravenhorst (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Eucerotinae)
Observational notes and photographs taken in the course of rearing Euceros albitarsus Curtis and E. pruinosus (Gravenhorst) in captivity from the egg stage are given. The bizarre biology of these obligate hyperparasitoids involves a planidial larval stage that attaches to caterpillars or sawfly larvae, followed by a short phase of...Shaw, Mark R
hyperparasitoid, Euceros albitarsus, life history, Planidium, host relations, and Euceros pruinosus
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Journal article
Western Palaearctic Oedicephalini and Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) in the National Museums of Scotland, with distributional data including 28 species new to Britain, rearing records, and descriptions of two new species of Aethecerus Wesmael and one of Diadromus Wesmael
An account is given of approximately 3,250 western Palaearctic specimens, comprising 110 determined species, of the tribes Oedicephalini and Phaeogenini in the National Museums of Scotland. Distributional and phenological data are given for all species, and rearing records are provided for about 50, although not always with the host’s identity...Diller, Erich ; Shaw, Mark R
Phaeogenini, British Isles., Ichneumoninae, hosts, Lepidoptera, parasitoids, Oedicephalini, distribution, phenology, taxonomy, and Ichneumonidae
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Journal article
Biology, early stages and description of a new species of Adelognathus Holmgren(Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Adelognathinae)
Adelognathus leucotrochi Shaw & Wahl sp. nov. is described from Britain where it is a univoltine slightly gregarious koinobiont ectoparasitoid of late stage larvae of the tenthredinid sawfly Nematus leucotrochus Hartig feeding on Ribes uva-crispa. Defensive reactions by the host to prospecting females are described. The developmental biology of A.... -
Journal article
First report of Cotesia vanessae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in North America
We report for the first time the occurrence of the well-known Eurasian and north African parasitoid Cotesia vanessae (Reinhard) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in North America. Specimens were reared from Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper) and Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) recovered from several locations in southwestern Ontario, Canada, and detected by DNA sequencing...Hervet, V A D ; Murillo, H ; Fernandez-Triana, J ; Shaw, Mark R
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Journal article
A new Australian genus and five new species of Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), one reared as a gregarious endoparasitoid of an unidentified limacodid (Lepidoptera)
Teresirogas Quicke & Shaw gen. nov. (type species T. australicolorus Quicke & Shaw sp. nov.) is described and illustrated, based on a series recently reared gregariously from a cocooned mummy of an unidentified species of Limacodidae collected under loose Eucalyptus bark in New South Wales, Australia. Older reared and unreared...Quicke, Donald L J ; Shaw, Mark R ; Van Achterberg, Cornelis ; Bland, K P ; Butcher, Buntika A …