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2010
Journal article
West Pans: excavations at a ceramic production site in Musselburgh, East Lothian
Excavations were undertaken in 1981 and 1990–1 at the site of the 18th-/19th-century ceramics manufacturing complex of West Pans, near Musselburgh. The foundations of several structures were uncovered although many proved impossible to interpret or date. Several puddling pits, most of them quite small, were identified, as was part of...Lewis, John ; Cobo del Arco, Belen ; Eremin, Katherine ; Forbes, Shiela ; Gallagher, Denis …
kiln, ceramics, William Littler, and puddling pits
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Journal article
Raman investigation of the structural changes during alteration of historic glasses by organic pollutants
The combination of an unstable glass composition, fluctuating humidity and a high concentration of organic pollutants is responsible for the widespread alteration of part of the glass collections of the National Museums of Scotland (NMS). The alteration has resulted in the formation of crystalline corrosion at the surface and strong...Robinet, L ; Eremin, Katherine ; Coupry, Claude ; Hall, Christopher
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Journal article
Non-destructive analysis of nineteenth century Scottish calotype negatives and salt prints
The combination of Raman spectroscopy and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry can improve understanding of the chemistry of the glass alteration process. Formic and acetic acids play an important role in the alteration of museum glass objects placed in a humid atmosphere. Raman spectroscopy indicates that the soda-rich glass structure is...Robinet, L ; Eremin, Katherine ; Fearn, Sarah ; Pulham, C ; Hall, Christopher
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Book chapter
Understanding glass deterioration in museum collections: a multi-disciplinary approach
Raman spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry were used to investigate chemical and structural changes in soda and soda-lime glass exposed to organic pollutants under ambient and accelerated ageing conditions. Raman spectroscopy reveals modification of the glass structure non-destructively, in situ, and as a function of depth. The pollutants caused...Robinet, L ; Fearn, Sarah ; Eremin, Katherine
Raman spectroscopy, deteriorated glass, soda silicate glass, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and organic pollutants
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Book chapter
Conservation and analysis of deteriorating nineteenth and twentieth-century British glass in the National Museums of Scotland
The National Museums of Scotland collections includes about 2000 19th and 20th-century British glass artefacts. An initial conservation survey in 1996 identified 153 artefacts as actively deteriorating (Cobo del Arco 1999). Examinations of additional artefacts is ongoing and 212, c.20% of those surveyed to date, are deteriorating. The visible signs...Eremin, Katherine ; Cobo del Arco, B ; Robinet, L ; Gibson, L T
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Journal article
Effect of organic acid vapors on the alteration of soda silicate glass
Organic acids were previously shown to be involved in the alteration of historic soda silicate glasses in humid atmospheres under museum storage conditions. The present study investigates the role of these pollutants on the visual, compositional and structural modification of soda silicate glasses. Replica glasses aged in humid or humid/acidic... -
Journal article
The use of Raman spectrometry to predict the stability of historic glasses
In the National Museums of Scotland (NMS) widespread alterations have been observed in the glass collections of 19th to 20th century, affecting British, Islamic and Asian glasses. It is important for museums to be able to distinguish between stable and unstable glasses, so that particular care can be taken to...Robinet, L ; Eremin, Katherine ; Coupry, Claude ; Hall, Christopher
alkali silicate, elemental composition, stability, and historic glass
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Journal article
Mummy 1911-210-1
n ancient Egyptian mummy from the collections of the National Museums of Scotland was examined using computerised tomography (CT) scanning as part of the NMS mummy project. A facial reconstruction was produced from the CT scans for comparison with a painted 'portrait' which covers the face of the wrappings. The...Macleod, R I ; Eremin, Katherine ; Wright, A R ; McDonald, J
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Book chapter
Technical study' In: “Hatshepsut, from Queen to Pharaoh”
Cleopatra may be the most famous woman of ancient Egypt, but far more significant was Hatshepsut, a female pharaoh who reigned for nearly twenty years in the fifteenth century B.C., during the early period of the New Kingdom. After acting as regent for her young nephew-stepson Thutmose III, Hatshepsut assumed...Goring, Elizabeth ; Tate, Jim ; Eremin, Katherine ; Quye, Anita
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2004
Journal article
A Raman spectroscopic study of pollution-induced glass deterioration
White crystalline deposits were present on a large number of 19th and 20th century British glass artefacts in the National Museums of Scotland collections. Analysis of these deposits by ion chromatography showed that sodium and formate were the dominant ions. Raman spectroscopy identified sodium formate anhydrate phase II as the...Robinet, L ; Eremin, Katherine ; Cobo del Arco, B ; Gibson, L T
sodium formate, glass corrosion, ion chromatography, pollutant gas, and micro‐Raman spectroscopy
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Journal article
A Raman spectroscopic analysis of pigments from Dynastic Egyptian funerary artefacts
As part of a comprehensive analytical survey, Raman spectra were obtained of pigments from ancient Egyptian funerary artefacts dating from the 17th Dynasty to the Graeco‐Roman period, using several laser excitation wavelengths. A wide colour palette has been identified with mineral pigments and pigment mixtures; several variations were detected with...Edwards, Howell G M ; Jorde Villar, S E ; Eremin, Katherine
Egyptian artefacts, mineral pigments, sarcophagi, and micro‐Raman spectroscopy
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Journal article
On the chemistry of John and Robert Adamson’s Salted paper prints and calotype negatives
The chemical processes used by John and Robert Adamson and the possibility that they might have used some special ingredient has long been the subject of speculation. In the early stages of photography in Scotland, the chemical processes used were probably based on William Henry Fox Talbot's, but it is...Eremin, Katherine ; Tate, Jim ; Berry, James
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Book chapter
West Highland Sculpture, Scotland – defining a Gaelic Lordship
The graveyards of the West Highland of Scotland contain many commemorative crosses and grave-slabs dating from the 14th to mid 16th century. They are carved in distinctive style from a variety of rock types. Their distribution largely coincides with the Lordship of the Isles, a powerful Gaelic Princedom, often in...Caldwell, David H ; Eremin, Katherine ; Miller, S ; Ruckley, N A
Lordship of the Isles, West Highland Sculpture, petrology, rock types, and magnetic susceptibility
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Journal article
Non-destructive analysis of nineteenth century Scottish calotype negatives and salt prints
Nineteenth century negatives and positives in the collections of the National Museums of Scotland (NMS) and the National Galleries of Scotland (NGS) were analysed non-destructively to identify the techniques used in their manufacture. Modern positive and negative images prepared using known nineteenth century processes were also analysed for comparison. Air-path...Eremin, Katherine ; Tate, Jim ; Morrison-Low, A D ; Berry, James ; Stevenson, Sara
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Journal article
The facial reconstruction of an Ancient Egyptian Queen
The National Museums of Scotland Mummy Project has provided important new information about a burial excavated in Egypt. This has resulted in the facial reconstruction of a woman who was probably a queen at Thebes ca. 1570-1520 BCE. There are strong suggestions from the grave goods and her diet that...Manley, Bill ; Eremin, Katherine ; Shortland, Andrew ; Wilkinson, Caroline M
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2011
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2009
Journal article
The 17th dynasty gold necklace from Qurneh, Egypt
In 1908, the archaeologist Flinders Petrie discovered a rich intact burial of an adult and child at Qurneh, near Luxor. Stylistically, the burial has been dated to the late 17th Dynasty, in the 16th century BC. The complete burial group came to Edinburgh in 1909. A recent examination of the...Tate, Jim ; Eremin, Katherine ; Troalen, Lore ; Guerra, Maria Filomena ; Goring, Elizabeth …
Qurneh, mummy, ring manufacture, and necklace
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2009
Journal article
Alteration of soda silicate glasses by organic pollutants in museums: Mechanisms and kinetics
The role of the organic pollutants formic acid, acetic acid and formaldehyde in the alteration of unstable soda silicate glasses is examined through SIMS depth profiling of replica glass aged in polluted and non-polluted atmospheres under ambient conditions. The effect of different controlled atmospheres is compared to the polluted atmosphere... -
2012