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2013
Journal article
Moth populations and bad weather – four speculative observations
There is no doubt in my mind that fifty years ago substantial defoliation of more than just spindle and bird cherry trees was not really unusual; that the regular cleaning of car headlamps and even radiator grills was necessary in summer; that garden buddleia and valerian were always plastered with...Shaw, Mark R
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2013
Journal article
Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitizing Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) larvae in Fennoscandia with description of Cotesia autumnatae Shaw, sp. n.
The microgastrine subset of hymenopteran parasitoids of the geometrid Epirrita autumnata is investigated in Fennoscandia. Ecology, including population dynamics, of the moth has been intensively studied in northern and mountainous Finland, Norway and Sweden. Recently supported hypotheses about the causes of its cyclic population dynamics stress the role of parasitoids,...Ruohomäki,, K ; Klemola, T ; Shaw, Mark R ; Snäll, N ; Sääksjärvi, I E …
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2014
Journal article
Contributions to the study of the Holarctic fauna of Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). I. Introduction and first results of transatlantic comparisons
Specimens of Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from both sides of the Holarctic region (Nearctic and Palaearctic) were sampled for DNA barcoding and examined morphologically. Two species are recorded for the first time for the Nearctic: Apanteles brunnistigma Abdinbekova, and Microgaster raschkiellae Shaw. Another European species, Apanteles xanthostigma (Haliday), previously introduced as...Fernandez-Triana, J ; Shaw, Mark R ; Cardinal, Sophie ; Mason, P G
morphology, Microgastrinae, Palaearctic, DNA barcoding, Holarctic, and Nearctic
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2014
Journal article
On the spider parasitoids Polysphincta longa Kasparyan and P. boops Tschek (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae), with the first host records of P. longa
The rarely recorded Polysphincta longa is probably widely overlooked in Europe as a result of confusion with the morphologically similar P. boops. Characters for the separation of these species are given, and host and distribution records, largely based on recent fieldwork, are presented. Araneus angulatus is shown to be the...Fritzén, Niclas R ; Shaw, Mark R
cocoon, Finland, Araneus angulatus, Poland, rearing, and Araniella
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2014
Journal article
A new record for Iran of Dolichogenidea appellator (Hym.: Braconidae: Microgastrinae), a larval endoparasitoid of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lep.: Plutellidae)
Observational notes and photographs taken in the course of rearing Euceros albitarsus Curtis and E. pruinosus (Gravenhorst) in captivity from the egg stage are given. The bizarre biology of these obligate hyperparasitoids involves a planidial larval stage that attaches to caterpillars or sawfly larvae, followed by a short phase of...Kazemzadeh, Z ; Shaw, Mark R ; Kazemzadeh, J
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2015
Journal article
Notes on the biology, morphology, nomenclature and classification of Pseudavga flavicoxa Tobias, 1964 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rhysipolinae), a genus and species new to Britain parasitizing Bucculatrix thoracella (Thunberg) (Lepidoptera, Bucculatricidae)
The solitary parasitoid Pseudavga flavicoxa has been reared, in some numbers, from cocoons of the bucculatricid moth Bucculatrix thoracella collected as larvae descending from Tilia × vulgaris to form their cocoons, at Jealott’s Hill, Berkshire, England. The taxonomic confusions and complications bedevilling its determination are outlined, and the recognition of...Shaw, Mark R ; Sims, Ian
Pachystigmus, Croatia, France, Cantharoctonus, and Rhysipolis
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2015
Journal article
Parasitoid and ant interactions of some Iberian butterflies (Insecta: Lepidoptera)
As a result of recent field studies in the Iberian Peninsula, interactions between 17 parasitoid taxa and 17 butterfly species, and 9 species of Lycaenidae and 15 species of Formicidae are detailed and discussed. Several of these, which are presented quantitatively, are otherwise unrecorded in the literature, while others confirm...Obregón, R ; Shaw, Mark R ; Fernández-Haeger, J ; Jordano, D
Lepidoptera, Diptera, parasitism, Formicidae, myrmecophily, Insecta, Hymenoptera, and Spain.
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2015
Journal article
The hosts of Ophion luteus (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera, Ichneumondiae, Ophioninae) in Europe
A widespread European nocturnal ichneumonid, Ophion luteus, is shown to be a parasitoid of at least two species of noctuid moth, Agrotis exclamationis and A. segetum, probably most frequently a parasitoid of the former. The taxonomy, nomenclature and diagnostic features of this species are discussed. Possible explanations for a spring-flying...Broad, Gavin R ; Schnee, Heinz ; Shaw, Mark R
Host-parasitoid, Lepidoptera, Noctuinae, rearing, and Noctuidae
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2015
Journal article
Emergence behaviour of adult Trogus lapidator (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Heresiarchini) from pupa of its host Papilio machaon L. (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae), with a comparative overview of emergence of Ichneumonidae from Lepidoptera pupae in Europe
Unusually for Ichneumonidae, Trogus lapidator emerges through a hole in the pupal wing case of its papilionid butterfly host that is made largely by a liquid secretion that softens and disintegrates the host tissue. The mandibles are deployed to help spread the secretion, but only towards the very end of...Shaw, Mark R ; Kan, Pieter ; Kan-van Limburg Stirum, Brigitte
Pupal cuticle, staining, cuticular disintegration, cap-cutting, eclosion, and mandibular structure
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2016
Journal article
The British species of Enicospilus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae)
The nine British and Irish species of Enicospilus are revised, mapped and an identification key provided. One species, Enicospilus myricae sp. nov., is described as new; Enicospilus merdarius (Gravenhorst, 1829) is a senior synonym of E. tournieri (Vollenhoven, 1879) syn. nov.; the only available name for E. merdarius auctt. is...Broad, Gavin R ; Shaw, Mark R
nocturnal, parasitoid, new species, host, and Taxonomy
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