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Journal article
Far-field deformation resulting from rheologic differences interacting with tectonic stresses: an example from the Pacific/Australian plate boundary in Southern New Zealand
The Miocene in Southern New Zealand was dominated by strike-slip tectonics. Stratigraphic evidence from this time attests to two zones of subsidence in the south: (a) a middle Cenozoic pull-apart basin and (b) a regionally extensive subsiding lake complex, which developed east and distal to the developing plate boundary structure....Upton, Phaedra ; Craw, Dave ; Walcott, Rachel
crustal rheology, lithology, paleogeography, LiDAR, Otago Schist, tectonic subsidence, Lake Manuherikia hillslopes, and New Zealand
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Journal article
Influence of lithology on hillslope morphology and response to tectonic forcing in the Sierra Nevada of California
[1] Many geomorphic studies assume that bedrock geology is not a first-order control on landscape form in order to isolate drivers of geomorphic change (e.g., climate or tectonics). Yet underlying geology may influence the efficacy of soil production and sediment transport on hillslopes. We performed quantitative analysis of LiDAR digital...Hurst, Hurst, Martin D ; Mudd, Simon M. ; Yoo, Kyungsoo ; Attal, Mikael ; Walcott, Rachel
lithology, landscape evolution, geomorphology, hillslopes, and LiDAR
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Journal article
Determination of zeolite-group mineral compositions by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA)
A new protocol for the quantitative determination of zeolite group mineral compositions by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA, wavelength dispersive spectrometry) under ambient conditions, is presented. The method overcomes the most serious challenges for this mineral group, including new confidence in the fundamentally important Si-Al ratio. Development tests were undertaken on...Campbell, L S ; Charnock, J ; Dyer, S ; Hillier, S ; Chenery, Simon …
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Journal article
Squeezing river catchments through tectonics: shortening and erosion across the Indus Valley, NW Himalaya
Tectonic displacement of drainage divides and the consequent deformation of river networks during crustal shortening have been proposed for a number of mountain ranges, but never tested. In order to preserve crustal strain in surface topography, surface displacements across thrust faults must be retained without being recovered by consequent erosion....Sinclair, H D ; Mudd, S M ; Dingle, E ; Hobley, D E J ; Robinson, R …
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Journal article
Using hilltop curvature to derive the spatial distribution of erosion rates.
Erosion rates dictate the morphology of landscapes, and therefore quantifying them is a critical part of many geomorphic studies. Methods to directly measure erosion rates are expensive and time consuming, whereas topographic analysis facilitates prediction of erosion rates rapidly and over large spatial extents. If hillslope sediment flux is nonlinearly...Hurst, Martin D. ; Mudd, Simon M. ; Walcott, Rachel ; Attal, Mikael ; Yoo, Kyungsoo
landscape evolution, geomorphology, Erosion rates, transient landscapes, hydrology, and sediment transport
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Journal article
Tectonic controls on the evolution of the Clutha River catchment, New Zealand
A synthesis of published information on mountain uplift and river capture in Otago suggests that the Clutha River catchment has evolved westwards and expanded since the Pliocene. River capture events that facilitated catchment expansion are indicated by sediment provenance, drainage geometry and freshwater fish genetics. The catchment has been partly...Craw, Dave ; Upton, Phaedra ; Walcott, Rachel ; Burridge, Chris ; Waters, Jonathon
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Journal article
Rupture geometries in anisotropic amphibolite recorded by pseudotachylytes in the Gairloch Shear Zone, NW Scotland
Recent earthquakes involving complex multi-fault rupture have increased our appreciation of the variety of rupture geometries and fault interactions that occur within the short duration of coseismic slip. Geometrical complexities are intrinsically linked with spatially heterogeneous slip and stress drop distributions, and hence need incorporating into seismic hazard analysis. Studies...Campbell, Lucy R ; Phillips, Richard J ; Walcott, Rachel ; Lloyd, Geoffry E
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Journal article
Museum during a crisis
These are strange times. As I write this (16th March 2020), the number of coronavirus or rather Covid-19 infections is rapidly increasing and I am uncertain whether our Museum, the National Museum of Scotland (NMoS), will even be open to the public this time next week. This 160 year old...Walcott, Rachel
Coronavirus, National Museums Scotland, National Museum of Scotland, and Covid-19
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Journal article
Stress fields of ancient seismicity recorded in the dynamic geometry of pseudotachylyte in the Outer Hebrides Fault Zone, UK
Heterogeneous sequences of exhumed fault rocks preserve a record of the long-term evolution of fault strength and deformation behaviour during prolonged tectonic activity. Along the Outer Hebrides Fault Zone (OHFZ) in NW Scotland, numerous pseudotachylytes record palaeoseismic slip events within sequences of mylonites, cataclasites and phyllonites. To date, the kinematics...Campbell, L R ; Lloyd, G E ; Phillips, R J ; Walcott, Rachel ; Holdsworth, R E
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Video
NMS Earth Systems collection virtual tour
Virtual tour of the Earth Systems collection at National Museums Scotland. Shown as part of the Scottish Geology Festival 2021.Brown, Emily ; Walcott, Rachel ; Davidson, Peter ; Gooday , Bob
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Blog post
GeoCASe 2.0 and the evolution of data from physical specimen to the digital
As Principal Curator of the National Museums Scotland’s (NMS) 200 year old ‘Earth System collection, a collection of 70000 minerals, rocks and meteorites, one of my responsibilities is to ensure the collection puts its best foot forward into the Digital Era. So for the past few years, I have lead...Walcott, Rachel
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Lecture
Co-evolution of geological and biology from a mineralogical perspective
• Earth's surface harbours at least 5809 known minerals, but when Earth first formed 4.65 billion years ago, it had about 420. Moreover, what is common on the surface today was uncommon then. Many rocks and minerals have come into being while others have become extinct. • The overall increase...Walcott, Rachel
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Journal article
Reaching Further with Earth Science Data
Earth Sciences cover a broad spectrum of research fields such as petrology, sedimentology, structural geology, seismology, and geomorphology, to name a few, which aim to understand interrelated processes on the surface and in the interior of our planet. Many of the research questions studied in the Earth sciences, such as,...Walcott, Rachel ; Lehnert, Kerstin
geology, mineralogy, geochemistry, Mineral Extension for Darwin Core, and soil science
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Journal article
Shackleton and Bruce: disentangling Antarctic geological collections at National Museums Scotland
Amongst the Antarctic geological specimens held by National Museums Scotland are those from collections made during early 20th Century expeditions led by William Speirs Bruce and Ernest Shackleton. Historical circumstances and ambiguous labelling led to the Shack- leton material, from his 1907–1909 Nimrod expedition, being incorporated into the Bruce collection...Stone, Philip ; Walcott, Rachel ; Aspen, Peder
Ernest Shackleton, William Speirs Bruce , Nimrod Expedition, Antarctic geological specimens, and museum collections
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Poster (unpublished)
Strontian strontianite: combining old collections and modern analytical tools to piece together Sr-mineral paragenesis at a classic locality
The Strontian lead mines in Lochaber, western Scotland are a unique and historically-important mineral locality, being the source of discovery of the element strontium and the type locality for two strontium minerals (strontianite and brewsterite-Sr). With several potential applications of strontium in green technologies, it is important to develop our...Bob, Gooday ; Walcott, Rachel
geology, mineralogy, museum collection, Strontian strontianite, and Sr-mineral paragenesis