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2018
Journal article
Exceptionally well-preserved early Eocene fossil reveals cranial and vertebral features of a stem group roller (Aves: Coraciiformes)
Three-dimensionally preserved skulls of small Paleogene land birds are very rare. Here, we describe a cranium and associated partial postcranial remains of an early Eocene stem group roller (Aves: Coraciiformes) from the London Clay of the Isle of Sheppey (England). The fossil shows features of the skull and vertebral column...Mayr, Gerald ; Walsh, Stig A
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2017
Journal article
Comparative analysis of vestibular ecomorphology in birds
The bony labyrinth of vertebrates houses the semicircular canals. These sense rotational accelerations of the head and play an essential role in gaze stabilisation during locomotion. The sizes and shapes of the semicircular canals have hypothesised relationships to agility and locomotory modes in many groups, including birds, and a burgeoning...Benson, Roger B J ; Starmer-Jones, Ethan ; Close, Roger A ; Walsh, Stig A
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2017
Journal article
A new Mississippian tetrapod from Fife, Scotland, and its environmental context
The Visean stage of the Mississippian was a time of rapid tetrapod diversification which marks the earliest appearance of temnospondyls, microsaurs and the limbless aïstopods. Tetrapod finds from this stage are very rare and only a dozen sites are known worldwide. Here we announce the discovery of a new Visean...Smithson, Timothy R ; Browne, Michael A E ; Davies, Sarah J ; Marshall, John E A ; Millward, David …
Mississippian, tetrapod, Spathi- cephalidae., Visean, and Asbian
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2017
Journal article
A reassessment of the postcanine dentition and systematics of the tritylodontid Stereognathus (Cynodontia, Triltylodontidae, Mammaliamorpha) from the Middle Jurassic of the United Kingdom
Tritylodontidae was a successful advanced cynodont clade with a close relationship to mammals, but falling outside the clade Mammaliaformes. Stereognathus ooliticus was the first tritylodontid to be named and described in 1854, but since then no comprehensive description for this species has been produced. A second species, S. hebridicus, was...Panciroli, Elsa ; Walsh, Stig A ; Fraser, Nicholas C ; Brusatte, Stephen L ; Corfe, Ian
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2017
Journal article
Open data and digital morphology
Over the past two decades, the development of methods for visualizing and analysing specimens digitally, in three and even four dimensions, has transformed the study of living and fossil organisms. However, the initial promise that the widespread application of such methods would facilitate access to the underlying digital data has... -
2017
Journal article
Floccular fossa size is not a reliable proxy of ecology and behaviour in vertebrates
The cerebellar floccular and parafloccular lobes are housed in fossae of the periotic region of the skull of different vertebrates. Experimental evidence indicates that the lobes integrate visual and vestibular information and control the vestibulo-ocular reflex, vestibulo-collic reflex, smooth pursuit and gaze holding. Multiple paleoneuroanatomy studies have deduced the behaviour...Ferreira-Cardoso, S ; Araújo, R ; Martins, N E ; Martins, G G ; Walsh, Stig A …
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2017
Journal article
The dentary of Wareolestes rex (Megazostrodontidae): a new specimen from Scotland and implications for morganucodontan tooth replacement
The Middle Jurassic morganucodontan, Wareolestes rex, was previously known from only four isolated molars from Kirtlington, England. There has been debate over the position of the holotype tooth as an upper or lower molar. We describe a new Wareolestes specimen from the Kilmaluag Formation of Scotland: a partial left dentary...Panciroli, Elsa ; Benson, Roger B J ; Walsh, Stig A
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2016
Journal article
The braincase and neurosensory anatomy of an Early Jurassic marine crocodylomorph: Implications for crocodylian sinus evolution and sensory transitions
Modern crocodylians are a morphologically conservative group, but extinct relatives (crocodylomorphs) experimented with a wide range of diets, behaviors, and body sizes. Among the most unusual of these fossil groups is the thalattosuchians, an assemblage of marine-dwellers that transitioned from semiaquatic species (teleosaurids and kin) into purely open-ocean forms (metriorhynchids)...Brusatte, Stephen L ; Muir, Amy ; Young, M T ; Walsh, Stig A ; Steel, L …
tympanic sinuses, pneumaticity, crocodylomorph, thalattosuchian, sensory evolution, and neuroanatomy
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2016
Journal article
Phylogenetic and environmental context of a Tournaisian tetrapod fauna
The end-Devonian to mid-Mississippian time interval has long been known for its depauperate palaeontological record, especially for tetrapods. This interval encapsulates the time of increasing terrestriality among tetrapods, but only two Tournaisian localities previously produced tetrapod fossils. Here we describe five new Tournaisian tetrapods (Perittodus apsconditus, Koilops herma, Ossirarus kierani, Diploradus austiumensis and Aytonerpeton microps)...Clack, Jennifer A ; Bennett, Carys E ; Carpenter, David K ; Davies, Sarah J ; Fraser, Nicholas C …
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2016
Journal article
Best practices for digitally constructing endocranial casts: examples from birds and their dinosaurian relatives
The rapidly expanding interest in, and availability of, digital tomography data to visualize casts of the vertebrate endocranial cavity housing the brain (endocasts) presents new opportunities and challenges to the field of comparative neuroanatomy. The opportunities are many, ranging from the relatively rapid acquisition of data to the unprecedented ability...Balanoff, Amy M ; Bever, G S ; Colbert, Matthew W ; Clarke, Julia A ; Field, Daniel J …
brain, Aves, endocast, comparative neuroanatomy, and computed tomography