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2023
Journal article
History in the balance: a newly-discovered Anglo-Saxon runic inscription from Croy, Highland
A recent reassessment of the National Museums Scotland’s Viking-age collections revealed a new runic inscription from a previously overlooked scrap of copper alloy. The Croy Hoard is a mixed collection of objects deposited in the late 9th century AD, not far from what is now Inverness Airport. The Hoard was...Maldonado, Adrián
Old English rune, Viking-age collections, Anglo-Saxon runes, Early Medieval Scotland, Runic inscription, The Croy Hoard, and Bronze balance beam
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2023
Journal article
Notes on the three species of Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Microgastrinae) parasitizing Gonepteryx [Leach, 1815] species (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in Europe, with description of a new species from the Balearic Islands
Shaw & Colom sp. nov. is described as a solitary endemic parasitoid of in the Balearic Islands. A key is given to the three known parasitoids of in Europe, and biological notes are given for each species. Some new country records are given.Shaw, Mark R ; Colom, Pau
GONEPTERYX, GONEPTERYX RHAMNI, COTESIA GONOPTERYGIS, FRANCE, PHENOLOGY, REARING RECORDS, COTESIA RISILIS, SWEDEN, SPAIN, CLEOPATRA, and COTESIA BALEARICA
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2023
Journal article
Range-wide whole-genome resequencing of the brown bear reveals drivers of intraspecies divergence
Population-genomic studies can shed new light on the effect of past demographic processes on contemporary population structure. We reassessed phylogeographical patterns of a classic model species of postglacial recolonisation, the brown bear ( ), using a range-wide resequencing dataset of 128 nuclear genomes. In sharp contrast to the erratic geographical...de Jong, Menno J ; Niamir, Aidin ; Wolf, Magnus ; Kitchener, Andrew C ; Lecomte, Nicolas …
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2023
Journal article
The geological and historical milieu of an ornamental cephalopod limestone (‘orthoceratite limestone’, Ordovician, Sweden) used in the Clerk Mausoleum (1684), St Mungo's Kirkyard, Penicuik, Scotland
A slab of cephalopod limestone bears a dedicatory Latin inscription on the mausoleum built around 1684 by Sir John Clerk of Penicuik (1649–1722) for his wife Elizabeth Henderson (1658–83) at St Mungo's Church, Penicuik, near Edinburgh, Scotland. The stone is identified on sedimentological and palaeontological evidence and historical context as... -
2022
Journal article
An annotated checklist of the Norwegian Lonchaeidae (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha) with the description of a new species
The status of Lonchaeidae in Norway is reviewed and a Norwegian checklist is provided for the first time listing 40 species in six genera. Whenever possible the records for each species provide details of region code, municipality, locality (grid code after the EIS-system, decimal degrees) number of individuals, sex, date,...MacGowan, Iain ; Gustad, Jørn R
ecology and distribution of Lonchaeidae world-wide and Taxonomy
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2022
Journal article
A curated DNA barcode reference library for parasitoids of northern European cyclically outbreaking geometrid moths
Large areas of forests are annually damaged or destroyed by outbreaking insect pests. Understanding the factors that trigger and terminate such population eruptions has become crucially important, as plants, plant-feeding insects, and their natural enemies may respond differentially to the ongoing changes in the global climate. In northernmost Europe, climate-driven...Nyman, Tommi ; Wutke, Saskia ; Koivisto, Elina ; Klemola, Tero ; Shaw, Mark R …
population regulation, parasitoid , molecular identification, barcoding , insect outbreaks, and metabarcoding
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2023
Journal article
Textiles in a Viking Age hoard: Identifying ephemeral traces of textiles in metal corrosion products
This paper presents a novel method and terminology to identify and describe textiles from ephemeral traces in metal corrosion products. Since the 1980s, mineralised textiles (positive and negative casts in Janaway’s terminology) have been an important source of archaeological evidence. A major issue now is the identification of textiles in...Davis, Mary ; Harris, Susanna
Textile , Mineralisation, Silver, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Microscopy, Copper corrosion, Viking age, and Anglo-Saxon
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Journal article
Northern Modernist Jewellery – a museum collecting project
In 2015 National Museums Scotland was awarded an Art Fund New Collecting Award to collect, research and disseminate jewellery designed and created in Britain and the Nordic States between 1945-1978. The project highlighted a legacy of transnational influences and traditions within Northern Europe, particularly shared cultural heritage, the influence of...Rothwell, Sarah
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2021
Journal article
The Ordovician diversification of sea urchins: systematics of the Bothriocidaroida (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)
The echinoids of the order Bothriocidaroida represent the initial burst of sea urchin diversification. They were the first echinoids to achieve widespread biogeographical dispersal and achieved high levels of species richness compared to other clades of stem group echinoids. Following long-standing controversy regarding their phylogenetic affinities within the phylum Echinodermata,...Thompson, Jeffrey R ; Cotton, Laura J ; Candela, Yves ; Kutscher, Manfred ; Reich, Mike …
extinction, phylogeny, Bothriocidaris, sea urchin, Bayesian, and Neobothriocidaris
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2022
Journal article
Reintroducing the Vikings into Scotland's story
Dr Adrián Maldonado takes anothe rlook at the formation of Scotland, to ask whether we should recalibrate our images of the 'Vikings' to include more than just people of Norse descent.Maldonado, Adrián
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2020
Journal article
The first records of the pictured-winged fly Homalocephala bimaculata (Wahlberg, 1838) (Diptera, Ulidiidae) from Norway
The picture-winged fly Homalocephala bimaculata (Wahlberg, 1838) is reported from Norway for the first time bringing to five the number of species of Homalocephala Zetterstedt, 1838 reported from the country. H. bimaculata is recorded from Hvaler, Viken, and Oslo, Oslo, and, based on numerous and scattered records, the species is...Gustad, Jørn R ; Græsdal, Arve G ; MacGowan, Iain
Homalocephala bimaculata, distribution, Ulidiidae, Norway, first record, Diptera, and biology
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2020
Journal article
Earomyia lonchaeoides (Zetterstedt, 1848) (Diptera, Lonchaeidae) a species and genus new to the Norwegian fauna
Gustad, J.R. & MacGowan, I. 2020. Earomyia lonchaeoides (Zetterstedt, 1848) (Diptera, Lonchaeidae) a species and genus new to the Norwegian fauna. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 67, 132–135. The lance fly Earomyia lonchaeoides (Zetterstedt, 1848) is reported from Norway representing the first time that not only this species but also this...Gustad, Jørn R ; MacGowan, Iain
biology, Lonchaeidae, Diptera, distribution, Earomyia lonchaeoides, first record, and Norway
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2022
Journal article
Genetic examination of historical North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) bone specimens from the eastern North Atlantic: Insights into species history, transoceanic population structure, and genetic diversity
Species monitoring and conservation is increasingly challenging under current climate change scenarios. For the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) this challenge is heightened by the added effects of complicated and uncertain past species demography. Right whales once had a much wider distribution across the North Atlantic Ocean, although the...Frasier, Brenna A ; Springate, Leah ; Frasier, Timothy R ; Brewington, Seth ; Carruthers, Martin …
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2020
Journal article
Ecology and Genetic Structure of the Parasitoid Phobocampe confusa (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in Relation to Its Hosts, Aglais Species (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
The biology of parasitoids in natural ecosystems remain very poorly studied, though they are key species for their functioning. Here we focused on Phobocampe confusa, a Nymphalini specialist, responsible for high mortality rates in charismatic butterfly species in Europe (genus Aglais). We studied its ecology and genetic structure in connection...Audusseau , Hélène ; Baudrin, Gaspard ; Shaw, Mark R ; Keehnen, Naomi L P ; Schmucki, Reto …
A. io, andscape heterogeneity, A. urticae , phenology, and genetic variation
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2020
Journal article
Iconic jewellery in space. Research on Modernist Nordic jewellery
Sarah Rothwell Curator of Modern & Contemporary Design, at the National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh has a special interest in Modernist Nordic jewellery, among other things. Her research included looking into the necklace and bracelet worn by Princess Leia in the 1977 film Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope,...Rothwell, Sarah
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2009
Journal article
The Lewis Hoard of Gaming Pieces: a re-examination of their context, meanings, discovery and manufacture
ALMOST 180 YEARS of scholarship on the Lewis chessmen have given us a solid foundation of understanding, primarily based upon their art-historical analysis. Taking a more interdisciplinary approach (combining elements of art history with archaeology and history), this paper focuses on some over-looked themes — primarily the archaeological, gaming and...Caldwell, David H ; Hall, Mark A ; Wilkinson, Caroline M
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2013
Journal article
Vying with the Vikings
Goldberg, D Martin
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2017
Journal article
The Swedish species of Cidaphus (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Mesochorinae), a new genus and three new species for Sweden
The ichneumonid genus Cidaphus Förster, 1869, and its three known European species Cidapus areolatus (Boie, 1850), C. alarius (Gravenhorst, 1829) and C. atricillus (Haliday, 1839) are reported as new to Sweden based primarily on specimens collected in light traps during projects monitoring nocturnal moths. The available material indicates that C....Ryrholm, Nils ; Johansson, Niklas ; Shaw, Mark R
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2018
Journal article
When ivory came from the seas. On some traits of the trade of raw and carved sea-mammal ivories in the Middle Ages
Even if it played a part, it is not so much the lesser availability of elephant ivory as the Norse expansion in the Northern Atlantic that brought the success of walrus ivory throughout Western Europe and far beyond. The strength of demand did not only bring the extinction of the...Dectot, Xavier
trade, walrus, Middle Ages, Iceland, narwhal, Ivory, Greenland, unicorn, and khutū
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2017
Journal article
Uncovering the Galloway Viking Hoard, layer by layer
Hold on to your Viking helmet; you’re about to dig, layer by layer, into one of the most extraordinary Viking hoards ever found on the British Isles – the Galloway Hoard – with Dr Martin Goldberg, Senior Curator at National Museums ScotlandGoldberg, D Martin
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2018
Journal article
Grey whale (Eschrichtius robustus) in Norwegian waters 2000 years ago
The modern distribution of the grey whale (Eschrichtius robustus) is restricted to the North Pacific Ocean, but during the Holocene it occurred also in the North Atlantic Ocean, perhaps as recently as the 17th century. In the western Atlantic, subfossil bones of 12 specimens of grey whale have previously been...Hufthammer, Anne Karin ; Arntsen, Lena ; Kitchener, Andrew C ; Buckley, M
Ancient proteins, Marine mammal bone identification, and Species identification by collagen fingerprinting
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2017
Journal article
Q&A with Martin Goldberg [Galloway Hoard]
National Museums Scotland on the Galloway Hoard acquisition. Martin Goldberg is the Principal Curator, Medieval Archaeology and History, at National Museums Scotland. Last week National Museums Scotland achieved its fundraising target of £1.98m to acquire the Galloway Hoard of Viking-age treasures. This included £1m from the National Heritage Memorial Fund,...Stephen, Simon
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2016
Journal article
Between the Balkans and the Baltic: Phylogeography of a common vole Mitochondrial DNA lineage limited to Central Europe
The common vole (Microtus arvalis) has been a model species of small mammal for studying end-glacial colonization history. In the present study we expanded the sampling from central and eastern Europe, analyzing contemporary genetic structure to identify the role of a potential ‘northern glacial refugium’, i.e. a refugium at a...Stojak, Joanna ; McDevitt, Allan D ; Herman, Jeremy S ; Kryštufek, Boris ; Uhlíková, Jitka …
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2015
Journal article
New Collecting Awards: modernist jewellery
Earlier this year Sarah Rothwell won funding from the New Collecting Awards to develop a collection of modernist jewellery at National Museums Scotland. Here, she writes about her research so far.Rothwell, Sarah
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2015
Journal article
Sphenothallus from the Furongian (Cambrian) of Scandanavia
Sphenothallus, a Palaeozoic genus of uncertain affinity, possibly a hydrozoan, is reported from the Furongian (Cambrian) of Scandinavia. This is the only known occurrence of the genus in Cambrian rocks outside of China, western North America and Bohemia, and also the first report of Sphenothallus in the Cambrian–Ordovician of Baltica....Stewart, Sarah E ; Clarkson, Euan Neilson Kerr ; Ahlgren, John ; Ahlgren, Per ; Schoenemann, Brigitte
Sweden, Furongian, Sphenothallus, Cambrian, Alum Shale Formation, and Västergötland
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2014
Journal article
Land-bridge calibration of molecular clocks and the post-glacial colonization of Scandinavia by the Eurasian field vole Microtus agrestis
Phylogeography interprets molecular genetic variation in a spatial and temporal context. Molecular clocks are frequently used to calibrate phylogeographic analyses, however there is mounting evidence that molecular rates decay over the relevant timescales. It is therefore essential that an appropriate rate is determined, consistent with the temporal scale of the...Herman, Jeremy S ; McDevitt, Allan D ; Kawalko, Agato ; Jaarolo, Maarit ; Wójcik, J M …