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Book chapter
Evidence for wax on pottery from the Pithos House'. In: Diane Bolger, Edgar Peltenburg, Anita Quye, Sarah Ritson and F. M. K. Stephen 'Pottery archive report'
An interesting mid-third millennium BC structure, the Pithos House, was uncovered during excavations at Kissonerga-Mosphilia. Circular (c. 10 m Diam) with a central hearth like others at this site, it was somewhat unusual in respect of the extraordinary amount of ceramic debris covering the floor. Although the building had been...Quye, Anita ; Ritson, S
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Book chapter
Intrepreting lipid residues in archaeological ceramics: preliminary results from laboratory simulations of vessel use
During the past four and a half years this group has been involved in a programme of development and testing of methods for the study of organic residues in archaeological ceramics. The analytical approach used is based on solvent extraction of powdered potsherds to release lipids absorbed in the ceramic...Evershed, R P ; Charters, Stephanie ; Quye, Anita
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Book chapter
Appendix 2. The post-1500 BC individuals
Nineteen individuals within the BPP database either produced radiocarbon dates that were later than the 2500-1500 BC core period, or else were attributed a post-1500 BC date on the basis of their find context and their unusual isotopic ratios. They range in date from the Middle Bronze Age to the...Jay, Mandy ; Montgomery, Janet ; Pearson, Mike Parker ; Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
The Beaker People: project individuals, their funerary practices and their grave goods
This chapter introduces the individuals in the BPP Database, focusing on those dating to the Project's core period of 2500-1500 BC (rather than those found to date earlier or later: see Appendices 1 and 2 for thes), and especially those belonging to the Beaker period, from the 25th century to...Pearson, Mike Parker ; Needham, Stuart ; Sheridan, J A ; Gibson, Alex
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Book chapter
Introduction
In Great Britain the researches of craniologists have demonstrated that the appearance of bronzeand of the beaker types of ceramic coincides with the advent of a new race characterized by a brachycephalic skull distinctly different from the dolichocephalic head of the earlier neolithic inhabitants...it is therefore necessary to direct our...Pearson, Mike Parker ; Jay, Mandy ; Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Appendix 1. The pre-2500 BC individuals
Some 17 individuals sampled for the BPP can be assigned to the Neolithic period, either on the basis of radiocarbon dating (n=12) or because of their contextual associations (n=5). In some cases (such as Liffs Low, Derbyshire) the selection had been deliberate: they were known to be Neolithic when they...Jay, Mandy ; Montgomery, Janet ; Pearson, Mike Parker ; Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Technologies of the self: painted pebbles, ornaments and the burial
During the late 1st millennium BC into the early 1st millennium AD, the small island of Unst in the far north of the Shetland (and British) Isles was home to well-established and connected farming and fishing communities. The Iron Age settlement at Milla Skerra was occupied for at least 500...Goldberg, D Martin ; Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
Objects made of iron and bone
During the late 1st millennium BC into the early 1st millennium AD, the small island of Unst in the far north of the Shetland (and British) Isles was home to well-established and connected farming and fishing communities. The Iron Age settlement at Milla Skerra was occupied for at least 500...Goldberg, D Martin ; Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
Investigation of a potentiostatic reduction treatment for leaded copper alloys
The corrosion and conversion of highly leaded copper alloys is a problem for many collections. This was investigated using the Covesea coins as a case study. These coins were actively corroding, producing a white, powdery corrosion product. Some coins were completely disintegrated. Potentiostatic reduction was investigated as a possible technique...Spencer, Helen
conservation, leaded copper alloys, potentiostatic reduction, and Covesea coins
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Book chapter
West Highland Sculpture, Scotland – defining a Gaelic Lordship
The graveyards of the West Highland of Scotland contain many commemorative crosses and grave-slabs dating from the 14th to mid 16th century. They are carved in distinctive style from a variety of rock types. Their distribution largely coincides with the Lordship of the Isles, a powerful Gaelic Princedom, often in...Caldwell, David H ; Eremin, Katherine ; Miller, S ; Ruckley, N A
Lordship of the Isles, West Highland Sculpture, petrology, rock types, and magnetic susceptibility
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Book chapter
The metalwork
An archaeological excavation was carried out across an area proposed for re-development at Goosecroft Road, Stirling. The investigations uncovered the foundations of a substantial stone wall in the south-west corner of the site, and another wall further to the south, that probably relate to the nearby location of a medieval...Cruickshanks, Gemma
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Book chapter
The vitrified metal
An archaeological excavation was carried out across an area proposed for re-development at Goosecroft Road, Stirling. The investigations uncovered the foundations of a substantial stone wall in the south-west corner of the site, and another wall further to the south, that probably relate to the nearby location of a medieval...Cruickshanks, Gemma
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Book chapter
The art and science of replication. Copies and copying in the multi-disciplinary museum
Few institutions are warier of copies than museums. Few fields of knowledge are more prone to denounce copies as fake than the heritage field. Few discourses are as concerned with authenticity, aura, originals and provenance as those concerning exhibiting and collecting. So why is it that these are institutions, fields...Alberti, S J M M ; Blackwell, Alice ; Davidson, Peter ; Goldberg, D Martin ; Swinney, Geoffrey N
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Book chapter
Coping with changing worlds: the roles of Celtic art in central Britain in the Roman period
What happened to the Brigantes when Rome took over? How were they affected by military events? Can we see sub-territories in their material culture? How did they react to the opportunities that Rome offered? Was their way of looking at the world altered? This reasonably-priced book summarises current opinion.Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
The illustration of Mesolithic artefacts and its contribution to the understanding of Mesolithic technology
"Mesolithic Horizons" marks the publication of the proceedings of the seventh international conference on 'The Mesolithic in Europe' (Belfast 2005)...This is an enormous compendium of research published in two volumes with over 140 papers drawn from the whole of Europe, ranging from the European Arctic to many parts of the...Saville, Alan
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Book chapter
Fired clay. In M Cressey & S Anderson, A later prehistoric settlement and metalworking site at Seafield West, near Inverness, Highland
Construction in 1996 at a major retail development site close to Inverness, Highland resulted in the destruction of two known cropmark sites. One set of cropmarks was found to be associated with a Bronze Age log-boat burial site and the results of the ensuing excavation are published elsewhere (Cressey &...Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
Metal and glass objects. In M Cressey & S Anderson, A later prehistoric settlement and metalworking site at Seafield West, near Inverness, Highland
Construction in 1996 at a major retail development site close to Inverness, Highland resulted in the destruction of two known cropmark sites. One set of cropmarks was found to be associated with a Bronze Age log-boat burial site and the results of the ensuing excavation are published elsewhere (Cressey &...Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
Going round in circles? Understanding the Irish grooved ware 'complex' in its wider context
A truly multi-disciplinary book allowing the reader to gain insights into an exceptionally diverse set of topics such as hunting, burial, sword-production and rock art, from the Mesolithic to the Middle Ages.Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Scottish food vessel chronology revisited
Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Scottish beaker dates: the good, the bad and the ugly
A volume representing collaborative research between the Swedish universities of Kalmar and Stockholm and the University of Sheffield in the UK. The themes centred on the investigation of cultural diversity in the 3rd millennium BC in the British Isles and Scandinavia, not so much to divine any prehistoric cultural links...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
The pottery from Cairnderry and Bargrennan (97-107); The battle axeheads from Cairnderry and Bargrennan (108-111); The bone belt hook from Bargrennan pit 2 (112-124)
This volume presents the methodology and results for the excavations at Cairnderry and Bargrennan, south-west Scotland. A comparative chapter compares the excavation results from both sites, and presents interpretations of these results, particularly in terms of the architecture and the early Bronze Age mortuary practices. Chapter 5 considers the architecture...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
From Picardie to Pickering and Pencraig hill? New information on the 'Carinated bowl Neolithic' in Northern Britain
This wide-ranging collection of essays covers the transformation from Mesolithic hunter-gatherers to Neolithic farmers. It offers a comprehensive and authoritative treatment by leading specialists, and provides the best available overview of this fundamental change in human society.Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
The bronze age composite bead necklace
Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
An overview of the Bronze Age in Moray
Cowie, Trevor
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Book chapter
Celtic art in Roman Britain
Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
Bone pin fragment
Many years ago ‘henge monuments' were identified as a distinctive kind of prehistoric monument but their interpretation still poses problems. When were they first built and how long did they remain important? How were they used and did their roles change during the course of their history? Recent work has...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Burnt stone pendant
Many years ago ‘henge monuments' were identified as a distinctive kind of prehistoric monument but their interpretation still poses problems. When were they first built and how long did they remain important? How were they used and did their roles change during the course of their history? Recent work has...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Pottery
Many years ago ‘henge monuments' were identified as a distinctive kind of prehistoric monument but their interpretation still poses problems. When were they first built and how long did they remain important? How were they used and did their roles change during the course of their history? Recent work has...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Old friends, new friends, a long-lost friend and false friends: tales from Project JADE
Our understanding of the production, distribution and use of Neolithic axeheads, adzeheads and chisels made of jadeitite and other rare Alpine rockshas been transformed by a major international French-led research project, Project JADE. This has systematically recorded and mapped all such objects longer than 135 mm across Europe - extending...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Stone battle axehead
Many years ago ‘henge monuments' were identified as a distinctive kind of prehistoric monument but their interpretation still poses problems. When were they first built and how long did they remain important? How were they used and did their roles change during the course of their history? Recent work has...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Missing mammals from the Mesolithic middens: a comparison of the fossil and archaeological records from Scotland
Wild mammmals were an essential source of food and materials for Mesolithic people in Scotland. However, most Mesolithic sites in Scotland contain scant evidence of the mammals that were exploited locally. In contrast, the fossil and contemporary records indicate that there was a very high and changing diversity of mammal...Kitchener, Andrew C ; Bonsall, Clive ; Bartosiewicz, László
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Book chapter
Eclogite or jadeitite: The two colours involved in the transfer of alpine axeheads in western Europe
During the 5th and 4th millennia BC, the Neolithic extraction of stone around Mont Viso and in the Mont Beigua massif in the north Italian Alps resulted in the production of large polished axeheads in ecologite, omphacitite, jadeitite and amphibolite - raw materials which were not only rare but which...Pétrequin, P ; Sheridan, J A ; Cassen, S ; Errera, M ; Gauthier, E …
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Book chapter
Preface
The Mesolithic period (approximately 10,000 - 5000 years ago), from the end of the last Ice Age to the beginnings of agriculture, is now seen as critical in our understanding of all later developments - both in human society and in the natural world - throughout prehistoric northern Europe. The...Saville, Alan
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Book chapter
The plenary session
The Scottish Wetland Archaeology Project (SWAP) was initiated in 1998 in response to John Coles’ energetic encouragement of the Scottish delegates to the Dublin WARP Conference. Over the following years, SWAP members and others have worked on wetland materials and projects, leading to the hosting of the 11th International WARP...Barber, J ; Clarke, C ; Cressey, M ; Crone, A ; Hale, A …
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Book chapter
Dating the Scottish bronze age: "There is clearly much that the material can still tell us"
Results from a current National Museums of Scotland (NMS) radiocarbon dating initiative, the Dating Cremated Bones Project, are presented. The project takes advantage of a recent development in radiocarbon dating that enables reliable dates to be obtained from cremated bone. The results indicate that Collared Urns were in use in...Sheridan, J A
dating, SCOTLAND, Bronze Age, and collared urns
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Book chapter
Battle axeheads; the types and uses of cinerary urns; Early Neolithic carinated bowl pottery
The upgrading of part of the A1 road in south-east Scotland prompted the excavation of eleven archaeological sites. These spanned a period of 5,000 years from the early fourth millenium BC to the early fifth century AD. This volume draws together the results of the excavations and presents the story...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
The Neolithisation of Britain and Ireland: the big picture
This contribution offers a model for the Neolithization of Britain and Ireland featuring multiple strands of immigration, from different parts of France to different parts of these islands - at differing scales and for differing reasons - over the course of several centuries from the third quarter of the 5th...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
“…beads which have given rise to so much dogmatism, controversy and rash speculation”: faience in Early Bronze Age Britain and Ireland
This volume represents the publication of a highly successful conference held in 2003 to celebrate the contribution to Neolithic and Early Bronze Age studies of one of archaeology's finest synthesisers, Professor Stuart Piggott. The title is a reference to his famous work, Ancient Europe from the beginnings of agriculture to...Sheridan, J A ; Shortland, A
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Book chapter
A jet bead from Flag Fen, 2004. In: F. Pryor & M. Bamforth (eds), Flag Fen, Peterborough: Excavation and Research 1995-2007
The site at Flag Fen lies at the centre of a once-wet Fenland bay, immediately east of Peterborough. In the Bronze Age a huge alignment of posts crossed a kilometer of wetland to link the two sides of one of the most important and intensively studied prehistoric landscapes in Britain....Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Appendix 3: Jet object (jet button)
Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Carnyx: Trompetenähnliches Musikinstrument
Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
Torrs – Witham – Wandsworth-Stil
Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
Introduction: A hundred years of studying a Roman frontier post
James Curle's excavation of the Roman frontier fort of Newstead, ancient Trimontium, near Melrose in the Scottish Borders, was a landmark in Roman frontier studies culminating with his book, published in 1911. This volume was conceived as a celebration, looking back to Curle and his work, and looking forward to...Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
The copper-alloy pin
Cowie, Trevor
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Book chapter
Cramond Roman Fort: evidence from excavations at Cramond Kirk Hall, 1998 and 2001. Section 6: Other finds.
Excavation on the site of an extension to Cramond Kirk Hall has provided new evidence for the layout of the defences of the Roman fort, the route of the road immediately beyond it and for the phases of Roman military occupation at Cramond postulated by previous excavators. The features encountered...Masser, Paul ; Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
Coins
Excavations in the grounds of St Patrick's Church, Edinburgh were undertaken by Headland Archaeology from November 2006 to February 2007 on behalf of the Archdiocese of St Andrews and Edinburgh in advance of the construction of a hotel on the site. Soil analyses suggested that flash floods had swept through...Holmes, Nicholas ; Jones, Elizabeth
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Book chapter
Thainstone Business Park, Inverurie, Aberdeenshire. Section 5: Finds - 5.1 Glass bead; 5.2 Crucible.
Report on the excavation of a roundhouse and related structures dated by 14C to the first–second century AD. Internal details and building repairs allow some assessment of the structure of the building. The site also provides a well-dated context for a Guido class 13 glass bead, a type more common...Murray, H. K. ; Murray, J. C. ; Hunter, Fraser ; Heald, Andrew
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Book chapter
The Pottery - 5.1 Pottery of prehistoric and indeterminate date
This paper presents the results of a series of excavations carried out by the City of Edinburgh Council Archaeology Service between 1990 and 1992 in advance of the Edinburgh Park development. Following a programme of test excavations, seven areas were opened up for excavation. Three of these contained significant archaeology...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Excavations at Maybury Park, Edinburgh (1990–2). Section 4: Lithic Artefacts
This paper presents the results of a series of excavations carried out by the City of Edinburgh Council Archaeology Service between 1990 and 1992 in advance of the Edinburgh Park development. Following a programme of test excavations, seven areas were opened up for excavation. Three of these contained significant archaeology...Moloney, Colm ; Lawson, John A ; Saville, Alan
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Book chapter
Late Neolithic pottery
This report provides an account of the excavations of a cropmark enclosure and other prehistoric remains at Dryburn Bridge, near Innerwick in East Lothian. The excavations were directed over two seasons in 1978 and 1979 by Jon Triscott and David Pollock, and were funded by the Ancient Monuments Branch, Scottish...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Ceramics and pottery - Europe
The four-volume "Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World" offers comprehensive coverage of the ancient world, from prehistory to the fall of Rome, including Western and non-Western cultures and civilizations. An introduction outlines the key milestones in the development of human society, from the peoples of the Ice...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Bone and antler
Hunter, Fraser ; Kitchener, Andrew C
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Book chapter
Cist burials and an Iron Age settlement at Dryburn Bridge, Innerwick, East Lothian. Section 8: The Finds from the Iron Age Settlement - 8.3 Copper alloy; 8.4 Iron; 8.6 Oil shale; and cannel coal; 8.9 Discussion of the artefact assemblage.
This report provides an account of the excavations of a cropmark enclosure and other prehistoric remains at Dryburn Bridge, near Innerwick in East Lothian. The excavations were directed over two seasons in 1978 and 1979 by Jon Triscott and David Pollock, and were funded by the Ancient Monuments Branch, Scottish...Dunwell, A ; Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
Bruach An Druimein, Poltalloch, Argyll: excavations directed by the late Eric Cregeen, 1960–2. Section 8.2 Shale bangle; Section 8.5 Crucibles; Section 8.6 Metal artefacts.
Rescue excavations in advance of gravel quarrying were carried out under the direction of the late Eric Cregeen from 1960 to 1962, at Bruach an Druimein, Poltalloch, Mid Argyll (NGR: NR 820 972). The site lies on one of the fluvio-glacial terraces which border the Kilmartin Glen, overlooking the lower...Abernethy, Duncan ; Heald, Andrew ; Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
Mesolithic and later sites around the Inner Sound, Scotland: the work of the Scotland’s First Settlers project 1998–2004. Section 2.2 Active Sites Report - Metal and glass; Section 3.9 Sand - Metal, slag and glass from sand
Scotland’s First Settlers comprised a survey project to locate and examine sites relating to the earliest, Mesolithic, settlement of the Inner Sound, along the coastlands between Skye and the west coast of Scotland. Particular foci of interest included the existence and nature of midden sites, the use of rockshelters and...Hunter, Fraser ; Heald, Andrew ; Caldwell, David H ; Campbell, Stuart ; McLaren, Dawn
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Book chapter
Pottery [from Silgeanach, Cill Donnain]
South Uist in the Outer Hebrides has some of the best preserved archaeological remains within Britain and even further afield. Three distinct ecological zones - grassland machair plain, peaty blackland and mountains - each bear the imprint of human occupation over many millennia. The machair strip, long uninhabited, is filled...Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Iron-working at Vagnari
The Roman vicus at Vagnari in the territory of Gravina in Puglia formed part of a large estate which was acquired by the Roman emperor early in the 1st century AD. Excavation, geophysical prospection and field survey have revealed much of the plan of the settlement which lay close to...Small, A ; McLaren, Dawn ; Heald, Andrew
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Book chapter
Copper alloy awl [from Silgeanach, Cill Donnain]
South Uist in the Outer Hebrides has some of the best preserved archaeological remains within Britain and even further afield. Three distinct ecological zones - grassland machair plain, peaty blackland and mountains - each bear the imprint of human occupation over many millennia. The machair strip, long uninhabited, is filled...Sharples, N ; Sheridan, J A
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Book chapter
Coins and jetons
Holmes, Nicholas
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Book chapter
Portable antiquities
This work is an introduction to the structure and context of archaeology in Britain. It reviews the vital issues facing archaeologists during a period in which the discipline has become increasingly diverse, and analyzes the questions of principle and practice that have arisen.Saville, Alan
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Book chapter
Ceramic artefacts
MacSween, A ; Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
Copper alloy and iron
Hunter, Fraser
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Book chapter
Non-ferrous metalworking debris
Heald, Andrew ; Hunter, Fraser